Learning the Art of Pruning Fruit Trees in Seven Steps

Every tree needs a little TLC now and then, and winter is the perfect time to give your apple trees some attention. Think of it as a spa day for your trees! The first step is to remove any unproductive wood that might be causing problems. It’s easy to prune an overgrow tree if you follow these seven steps in sequence. I hope you find this helpful.

Step #1: Remove Unproductive Wood that Attracts Problems

Start by taking out any dead, damaged or diseased branches. Dead wood is usually pretty easy to spot – it looks dark, brittle and might even have bark falling off. Diseased branches often have a different color than the healthy ones. And damaged branches? Well, they’re like open wounds just waiting for insects and diseases to move in.

Step #2 Pruning, Removing Suckers from Apple Tree Branches

We often think about pruning to encourage growth, but sometimes it’s just as important to remove the wrong kind of growth. Here’s what to look for:

Suckers: These sprout from the base of the tree and steal energy from the main trunk.

Whorls: A cluster of branches growing from a single point on a branch, creating a congested mess.

Watersprouts: Thin, upright branches that rarely produce fruit and just sap energy.

Step #3 Pruning Low Branches

Sunlight is like gold for fruit trees. Any branches growing within four feet of the ground are going to be stuck in the shade, struggling to produce those juicy fruits you’re hoping for. Not only that, those low-hanging branches become an open invitation for critters looking for a tasty snack.

Step #4 Prune Out Future Problems

When you’re pruning, it’s like you’re looking into the future of your apple tree. See those branches growing downwards? They’re headed for shade and won’t give you much fruit. Snip those out! Next, play “traffic cop” and look for any branches crossing or rubbing each other. These guys will get bigger and heavier over time, and you don’t want them causing traffic jams in your tree’s canopy. Prune them out now before they start bullying the main branches you need for a strong, healthy tree. It’s all about preventing problems before they even start!

Step #5 Outward Facing Bud

Let’s talk about those pruning cuts. When you’re taking out a whole branch, find that swollen area at the base called the branch collar. Look for a bud facing outward, away from the center of the tree. That’s your target! By cutting just above that outward-facing bud, you’re encouraging the branch to grow outward, keeping the center of your tree open and airy. It’s like giving your tree a good haircut – everything’s neat and tidy and nothing’s getting in the way of those beautiful fruits forming later in spring.

Step #6 Clearing the Clutter

Think of yourself as a tree sculptor, shaping your tree for maximum beauty and productivity. Thin out those inner branches, letting the sunlight reach every single fruit that forms. Make sure each branch comes off the main leader at a nice, wide angle, like a strong arm reaching for the sky. Don’t be shy – get rid of any spindly, weak growth. Remember, this pruning encourages new growth, so the more you take out now, the less work you’ll have later on.

Step #7 Spray with Horticultural Oil and Fertilize

Now that the hard work of pruning is done, let’s give your fruit trees the VIP treatment! It’s time to bring out the big guns – Watters Horticultural Oil. This all-natural oil is like a protective shield for your tree, smothering any overwintering insect eggs and preventing those pesky adult insects from attacking your precious fruit. Make sure you give the entire tree a good soaking, from the trunk to the tips of the branches. Don’t forget to spray around the base of the tree, too!

Next up, let’s talk about feeding your tree. Just like us, fruit trees need a good meal after a workout. My go-to is Watters Fruit & Vegetable Food 6-4-4-7. This blend is specially formulated to give your fruit trees the organic nutrients they need to thrive. Sprinkle it generously around the tree, following the drip line – that’s where the roots are doing all the work.

And while you’re at it, why stop with just the apple tree? Everything in your yard is waking up and hungry right now. It’s like a spring tonic for your garden, ensuring a healthy and vibrant start to the growing season. Happy gardening! Until next month, I’ll be helping locals with fruit trees here at Watters Garden Center. QCBN

By Ken Lain

Ken Lain can be found throughout the week at Watters Garden Center, 1815 Iron Springs Road in Prescott, or contacted through his websites at WattersGardenCenter.com or Top10Plants.com.